Dog

                     

The history of Evaluation of Dogs        

  

                We pet them, play with them and even call them our best friend but do we really know anything about the history of dogs. Where did they come from and how did they get to where they are now?

There are those who believe that the history of dogs started with the wolf. Their claim is that dogs descended from wolves. Yet there are others who argue that dogs could never have descended from wolves. They ask, ‘How then could over 350 variety of dogs have descend from this one species?”

Wolves have remained the same anatomically over hundreds of years, and research has shown that the wolves DNA and that of the dog are almost identical. The skeleton of the wolf and the dog are similar as far as their components are concerned, but the difference can be seen in the length of a limbs and the shape of the skull.

This similarity in appearance is believed in some quarters to be as a result of cross breeding or possibly mutation. There are breeds around today that retain a strong relationship with the wolf in their appearance and other ways.

If we turn our attention to the behavior of both dogs and wolves we find that both animals turn in circles before they settle down, howl at the moon, and bury bones. Their gestation period is the same at sixty-three days, and their young are born and develop in similar ways.

The similarity between both animals is uncanny but the divergence of dogs makes it hard to totally accept their relationship with wolves.

Evidence has shown that dogs and man have existed together since prehistoric times. It is widely accepted that the domestication of dogs begun over 14000 years ago. As prehistoric man changed from gathering to hunting for food, it was at that time, it is believed, that man and dog began hunting together. About 8000-9000 years ago, the dog also became protector for the newly domesticated animals that man decided he needed for his purposes.

When man started to give greater importance to certain features and characteristics in dogs that’s when breeding started. Features like being heavy set meant that the dog could be a good guard dog, or long legs, which meant the dog, could pursue and catch prey. Because of this, many different types of dogs came about during the time of Egypt’s formation in 1570 B.C.

It was not long before dogs were being bred worldwide. In the history of dogs the Romans, the Europeans, the Greeks and even the peoples of the Far east were training dogs for various activities including, fighting, sport, to hunt and prize possessions.

The popularity of dogs grew during the 15th and 16th century and they became good pets and good workers. Soon it was seen as fashionable to have a dog and because of this dog breeding took off, and by the turn of the 19th century there were a lot of new breeds. In recent times it is estimated that there are over 350 different breeds of dogs.

Polar Bears

Intresting Facts of Polar Bear

1)Polar bear cubs learn to freeze and ramain still while thier mother hunts . If they move , the mother disciples them ,with a whack to the head.

2)Adult females often weigh between 500 and 600 pounds (227and 272 kilograms)    

3) Audult males can grow to be 1o feet tall and weigh over 1400 pounds 

Image of Horses

Ten Facts About Horsees-
1
Dogs and cats drink by lapping water with their tongues while cattle and horses and horses make use of a sucking action .

2
A baby female is called a filly , a baby is called a colt , a baby boy or girl is also known as a foal .

3
when first born , foals can not eat grass because their legs are too long to reach the ground .

4

• Horses usually live for around 20 to 25 years. Some of them can live up to 5 years more.

5
A horse has two blind spots; one is located directly in front of them while the other is located directly behind.

Black Horses 

• 6
• "Old Billy," was the oldest recorded horse who lived to be 62 years.

7

• A horse is a member of the "equus" family. This word comes from ancient Greece and means quickness.

8
One of the few breeds of horses that live in North America are called Mustangs

9

• A horse is able to drink 10 gallons of water per day.

10

• Horses use their facial expressions to communicate. Their moods can be gauged with the help of their nostrils, eyes and ears.

 

Jungle safari in Nepal

Map of National Parks  of Nepal 

                     Nepal is contry of exceptional biodiversity and a beautifull nature environment . The tropical jungles of the Terai preserve some of the best wildlife habitat in the subcontinent .Nepal has 16 national parks ,wildlife reserves and conservation areas, occuping 16 percent of its total geographical area.
For those who wish to experience the natural envoronment at its best there is no better place to visit than
Nepal .The outdoor adventure sports into the wilderness to see wild animals , birds and natural beauty.You ride on an elephant's back or on a four wheeler jeep accompanied by a fully trained guide (also known as expert Naturalists ) for the love of nature and animals .In Nepal .chitwan and Bardia are two hot dishes of the menu .

African safari

                           If you have never been on an African  safari before , your may be at a loss as to where to go . If you have been on   one , you might want to plan on going somewhere different . not because tou didn't enjoy where you went , but because there are so many beautiful things to see in Africa .
          From snow covered mountains and beautiful waterfalls ,to  sandy deserts and aquatic reefs , Africa has got it all .Not to mention all the wildlife .Gorilla trellers , bird watchers and fly -fishermen will all be equally delighted .If you love beautifull landscapes and communities rich in culture, you 'll find that too.

            East  and central Africa 

                              The eastera Africa and central African regions are loaded with many game parks which include a large variety and population of animals , from the wildebeest of Kenya (middle of the year ) and Tanzania ( early in the year ) to the gorillas of Uganda .

                            East Africa's landscape includes the spectacular and  majestic Mount Kilimanjaro and the famouse volcanic Ngorongoro Crater ,the largest of its type in the world ,which is home to thousands of animals such as Zebra , wildebeest , black rhino , prides of lion including the black -maned males ,leopard , cheetah, hyena ,elephatnts,warthog ,impala ,buffalo , hartebeest ,eland anf other members of the antelope family .

Brown Bear

                              Brown Bear are found in many parts of North America and Eurasia , where the bear inhabit wooded and mountainous areas. The brown bear is also national animal for a number of states in North America and Asia .Brown bears tend to feed on vegetation ,fish and small land mannals.but the bear will only occasionally hunt bigger mammals like deer .Brown bears dont seem  to be a great threat towards humans, although the mother brown bears will protect thir young bear cubs .Brown bears generally grow to about 2-3 m tall, loking enormous when the bear stans on its hind legs. Brown  bears have sadly been tha target of taxidermists over the years resulting in the brown bear population declining .

Photo collection of Brown Bear 

Deer

                                                                    Deer are members of the order Artiodactyle, which means that they have hoofs with an even number of toes.Deer can be found around the world. They are native to all continents except for Australia and Antarctica. There are about 100 types of deer, including the whitetail deer, reindeer, elk, moose, mule deer, blacktail deer and caribou.Male deer are called bucks, bulls, stags or harts. Female deer are called does, cows or hinds. Young deer are called fawns or calfs.

Deer can adapt well to just about any habitat. They prefer to live in "edge" habitats. Edges are human-made or natural habitat breaks, for instance from woods to croplands. They will use the woodlands for cover and shelter and the open land to graze in. In northern latitudes, deer may live in different areas in the summer and winter months. These areas can be as far as 30 miles apart.

                  Deer are the only animals that have antlers. They are the fastest growing living tissue on earth. Antlers are usually only found on males. In some species, like caribou, you will also find them on females. Moose have the largest antlers. Antlers grow from spring until fall. While growing, antlers are covered with a soft tissue known as velvet. This tissue contains a network of nerves and blood vessels and is very sensitive. In the fall, the velvet is shed and the antlers harden. In the winter, the antlers are shed. Antlers should not be confused with horns. Horns are never shed and continue to grow throughout the animal's life. If they are broken, they won't grow back.

                      

Deer have a great sense of hearing. They have a lot of muscles attached to their ears which allow them to turn their ears in any direction, without moving their heads. They can hear higher frequencies of sound than humans.The brown coat of the deer provides great camouflage in the woodlands. By standing still, they can go undetected by a passing predator. Fawns have a reddish-brown color covered with white spots, which help camouflage them and disappear when they are 3-4 months old. In the fall, deer will shed their summer coat and receive a much thicker winter coat. Deer have their eyes on the sides of their head, giving them a 310 degree view. This wide view does make it hard for deer to focus on a single point. Deer have a good night vision, which is useful in the early morning and near dusk.                       Deer have small teeth in the front of the bottom jaw, which they use for tearing and breaking apart food. They have no teeth in the front of the top jaw. Instead they have a hard palate, which is used in much the same way as teeth. In the back of the mouth deer have molars, canines and incisors, which are used for chewing. Deer are ungulates, which means that they have two-toed hoofs. They have long legs with powerful muscles and are able to run 40 miles per hour and jump 10 feet high. They are also fast swimmers.

Deer have an excellent sense of smell, which allows them to detect predators from a long distance away. Deer lick their nose to keep it moist, which helps odor particles stick to it, improving their sense of smell. The nose also plays a role in communication. Deer produce scents with glands located on their head, legs and hooves. These scents provide information to other deer about their gender, social status, physical condition and whether an area is safe.Deer usually stay in the same area called a home range. These areas are shared by related females who form matriarchies and that exclude adult males. The breeding season for deer occurs between October and January. This period is called the "rut". During the "rut" the necks of the male deer will swell to more than double their normal diameter and their antlers will have lost their velvet. This will prepare them for fights with other buck to determine dominance and breeding rights. They will crash antlers, but usually don't get hurt. During this period, males are very nervous and constantly active, which can cause them to wander into places where you would normally not find them, like residential areas. Gestation is about 200 days and in the spring the female will give birth to one to three fawns. Fawns are protected by a lack of scent. Enemies cannot smell them. Fawns are able to stand and walk shortly after birth. The mother keeps them hidden in bushes and checks up on them about 6 times a day to feed them. Young deer stay with their mothers for 1-2 years.  When deer feel threatened, they will raise their tail to warn other deer.Bucks mark their territory by making scrapes on the land with their hooves and by removing bark from trees with their antlers, called a "buck rub". Deer are herbivores. They eat grass, leaves, stems, shoots, berries, herbs, acorns, mushrooms, wild fruit and agriculture crops like corn and soy beans.                            Deer are ruminants (cud chewers) and have a four-chambered stomach. Other ruminants include cattle, goats and antelope. Deer start eating in the morning. They hardly chew their food which goes into the first stomach. While they rest, the food will move to the second stomach and form little balls. Now the food is brought back to the mouth and chewed. This chewed food goes into the third and fourth stomachs. In the winter months, when less food is available, deer will become less active. By slowing down, they can get by eating only about one third of the food they normally eat. They will also hang out in the woods more to escape the cold winds.                                                 Deer are born with four baby teeth and develop baby incisors and premolars in their first months. Their adult teeth come in and replace the baby teeth when they are about 18 months old. You can guess the age of deer by looking at the type of teeth they have and by how worn these teeth are. Each year, molars loose about one millimeter of height. Deer Park Located in the undulating slopes and sprawling valley of the Lake Gardens. The authorities have dedicated a spot known as the Kuala Lumpur Deer Park to these gentle, intelligent creatures. A well-chosen peaceful area that is more than 2ha in size has been turned into a suitable habitat for the deer. It is interesting to see hinds, does and fawns, representing some of the smaller species, roaming freely in the sprawling valley. Perhaps Malaysia most famous deer, the rainforest mousedeer or kancil, can be seen here. The mousedeer is the world's smallest hoofed animal and a popular figure in local folklore due to its legendary wit. The Deer Park is a beautiful spot where the landscaping has been well thought out and lush trees and shrubs planted to ensure that the habitat is cooling and peaceful. There are also ponds around the park. Visitors are allowed to mingle with these friendly and adorable deers. Much to visitor's delight, these friendly deer will usually come close to be fed as you watch them.

Chitwan national park of Nepal

       Chitwan national park is the frist national park is the Nepal .With Its lush forests and exotic fauna which include the rare one horned rhino , the royal Bengal tiger ,crocodiles,elephants, deer and over four -hundred species of birds ,the Royal Chitwan Parks offers one of the finest wildlife experience in Asia .Lying in the Terai belt ,encompassed by the Churia Hilss and flanked by he Rapti ,reu and Narayani rivers, the park covers an area of 932 sq.km. It was established in 1973 and is the oldest National Park in Nepal . The park became a world heritage site in 1984 .

During the 19th century , chitwan was the private hunting reserve of the rana Prime ministerd . In 1911King George V led a hunting party to Chitwan and  is sai to have thirty -seven tiger and eight rhinos .Between 1944 and 1940 , the king and his guests, is said to have killed four hundred and thirty-three tigers and fifty -three rhinos