Angel Fish

It is essential for fresh water aquarium hobbyists to know about the basics of Angelfish care. Angelfish are very popular and can be a great addition to your tank. Moreover they are good for breeding as well.
Angelfish are known for their distinctive triangle shape and this is what that has made this fish so popular among fish lovers. Therefore, for the fresh water hobbyists, who have a very limited choice, angelfish are a must have. Angelfish are available various vibrant colors which is a delight for the eyes.
Diet
If you want to keep angelfish in freshwater tank then giving them flakes will not do your purpose. You must feed them small fry fish as well as mosquito larvae. Again, there are some experts who opine that you should give them live food which will make their food well-balanced.
Again, other experts disagree with this view and suggest that optimum quality flakes is enough.
But, if you are interested in giving your angelfish some variety, you can go for flakes with once in a while diet of live food.

Tank
For your freshwater angelfish you will need a big tank. Unlike some other fresh water fish, angelfish require a much bigger space. An ideal angelfish tank should be a 25 gallons one for two angelfish.
Angelfish can grow up to 6 inches. Moreover, they also like swimming up and down, back and forth. So you will need a deep tank as well. It should be at least 25 inches deep.
For a freshwater tank, aqua plants are very important. The plants help in increasing the beauty of the tank. But apart from that they perform certain other crucial jobs as well. Like, they provide oxygen to the water and also help in cleaning the tank.
Other Fish
There are some fresh water hobbyists who want to keep other fish in the same aquarium with their Angelfish. You can also do it if you want but before selecting you must know which fish do get along with angelfish and which ones do not. This is because angelfish can be quite aggressive and they sometimes have the tendency to eat smaller fish.
Diseases
Like all other fish species angelfish are also prone to diseases. These diseases are the same which affect other species of freshwater fish. The most common disease affecting freshwater angelfish is Ich. It is caused by parasites in the aquarium. If your fish gets it you will see tiny spots in the bodies of your Angelfish. Ich can be cured with proper care.
Angelfish are not only great to have because they are splendid to look at but because it is not very difficult to provide them proper care as well. You just need to know a few important facts about how to care for them and you will have healthy freshwater angelfish.
Some Common and general Tips for Proper Angelfish Care
* If you are treating your angelfish for some disease, do raise the tank temperature as well.
* It is always a good option to keep angelfish alone in a tank so that they do not get diseases from other fish.
* Do not give stress to your angelfish just after their spawning.
* Angelfish can live up to 10 or 12 years. All depends upon your care.
* Angelfish like peaceful and calm atmosphere.
* For breeding successfully you should always separate the fry from the parents because the parents can sometimes eat their own babies.

Giraff

Giraffes - Giraffa camelopardalis

 There are nine recognized subspecies of giraffe: Nigerian, Kordofan, Nubian, reticulated, Rothschild ), Masai, Thornicroft), Angolan and South African or Cape)


Description and Characteristics:
The Giraffe is the tallest of all mammals, on average they are 6ft tall at birth. They are well known for their long necks, long legs, and spotted patterns; each giraffe has it's own unique pattern. Giraffes have small "horns" or knobs on top of their heads that grow to be about five inches long. These knobs are used to protect the head in fights.

Feeding/drinking Habits:
Their long necks help giraffes eat leaves from tall trees, typically acacia trees. The tongue of a giraffe can be as long as 45 cm.

If they need to, giraffes can go for several days without water. Instead of drinking, giraffes rely on remaining hydrated from the moisture content in the leaves they feed on.

Habitat:
Giraffes live in the savannahs of Africa, where they roam freely among the tall acacia trees, arid land, dense forests and open plains. Large populations of giraffe are found in Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Namibia.

Size & Lifespan
Males weigh between 2,400 and 4,000 pounds and are up to 18 feet tall. Female giraffes are smaller and lighter than males, and weight between 1,600 and 2,600 pounds and grow to be about 16 feet tall. A giraffe calf can be up to 6 ft tall at birth

Giraffes live for about 25 years in the wild

Reproduction:
The gestation period for giraffes is between 14-15 months. Generally there 16-month period between calving since this is such a long gestation period. Breeding can occur at any time of the year, with the conception peak generally happening the rainy season

Predators and Threats:
There is not direct threat to adult Giraffes from predators as they are too large. However, their calves are vulnerable and cannot defend themselves from usually lion and the spotted hyena.

Giraffes are hunted for their meat, coat and tails. The tail is prized for good luck bracelets, fly whisks and string for sewing beads. The coat is used for shield coverings. Habitat destruction and fragmentation are threats to giraffe populations.

Zebra

             The zebra is best known for the black and white striping pattern unique to each of the 3 species of zebra . Within a species, the pattern of the stripes is unique to each individual zebra, like with a human's fingerprint. There is some evidence that zebras recognize herdmates by their patterns. The plains zebra grows to around 1.5m high and about 2 m long. The Grevy can be much taller, some up to 15 hh. The average zebra weighs around 300kg, which is a similar weight to a horse.

There are 3 species of zebra, all three zebra species are found in Africa. Themountain zebra is sadly an endangered species and there are only a few left in the wild. The Hartman subspecies has a distinct dewlap on the throat. The striping pattern of a mountain zebra is similar to that of a plains zebra, but it has a unique gridiron pattern on the top of the rump. You would think that the zebra's stripes would make the zebra vulnerable to predators as it would be difficult to hide itself. If the zebra has to run away, the zebra's stripes actually help it to blend in with the rest of the fleeing herd, visually confusing predators who are trying to zero in on one specific animal.

                 One extinct subspecies of the Plains zebra, which was once found in great numbers in South Africa's Cape Province was the quagga. The quagga was distinguished from other zebras by having the usual zebra stripes on the front part of the body only. The stripes on the quagga gradually fade so its rear was only chestnut. The only quagga to have ever been photographed alive was a mare at the Zoological Society of London's Zoo in Regent's Park in 1870. She was 28 at the time and died a year or two later. Only after she died did zoologists realize she was the very last of her kind. The zebra is a common target for large carnivorous animals that are found in the zebra's habitat. The predators of the zebra include the lion, hyena and the crocodile along with other large mammals such as cheetahs and leopards that tend to hunt the smaller and more vulnerable members of the zebra herd. The zebra's defenses include its very powerful kick, which can break the jaw of a lion. It also has an explosive takeoff and can sprint at good speed for a short distance.

Zebras live together on the African plains in large herds often with or close to other herbivorous mammals such as antelope and wildebeest. Along with the wildebeest , the zebra takes part in the annual great migration following the rains across Africa. Herbivores do this in order to get the best grazing as the grass is at its best after the rain has passed over it. The female zebra usually gives birth to just one zebra foal after a 12 month gestation period. Female zebras have been known to give birth to zebra twins but it is a fairly fair occurrence. Zebra foals are able to stand and run about just hours after birth and remain close the mother zebra until they are big enough to look out for themselves.

It has been known for zebras to occasionally mate with donkeys and horses resulting in a zonkey foal. This is thought to happen extremely rarely in the wild and the zonkey is infertile meaning that it cannot produce offspring of its own. There has also been a documented case of a Grevy zebra mating with a Grant zebra in the wild, producing an interspecies zebra hybrid. The conformation is intermediate between the two. It has Grevy pinstripes arranged in a Grantlike pattern. Like other interspecies hybrids it is sterile.

Elephant

African elephants are the largest land animals on Earth. They are slightly larger than their Asian cousins and can be identified by their larger ears that look somewhat like the continent of Africa. (Asian elephants have smaller, rounded ears.)
Elephant ears radiate heat to help keep these large animals cool, but sometimes the African heat is too much. Elephants are fond of water and enjoy showering by sucking water into their trunks and spraying it all over themselves. Afterwards, they often spray their skin with a protective coating of dust.
An elephant's trunk is actually a long nose used for smelling, breathing, trumpeting, drinking, and also for grabbing things—especially a potential meal. The trunk alone contains about 100,000 different muscles. African elephants have two fingerlike features on the end of their trunk that they can use to grab small items. (Asian elephants have one.)
Both male and female African elephants have tusks they use to dig for food and water and strip bark from trees. Males use the tusks to battle one another, but the ivory has also attracted violence of a far more dangerous sort.
Because ivory is so valuable to some humans, many elephants have been killed for their tusks. This trade is illegal today, but it has not been completely eliminated, and some African elephant populations remain endangered.
Elephants eat roots, grasses, fruit, and bark, and they eat a lot of these things. An adult elephant can consume up to 300 pounds (136 kilograms) of food in a single day.
These hungry animals do not sleep much, and they roam over great distances while foraging for the large quantities of food that they require to sustain their massive bodies.
Female elephants (cows) live in family herds with their young, but adult males (bulls) tend to roam on their own.
Having a baby elephant is a serious commitment. Elephants have a longer pregnancy than any other mammal—almost 22 months. Cows usually give birth to one calf every two to four years. At birth, elephants already weigh some 200 pounds (91 kilograms) and stand about 3 feet (1 meter) tall.
African elephants, unlike their Asian relatives, are not easily domesticated. They range throughout sub-Saharan Africa and the rain forests of central and West Africa. The continent’s northernmost elephants are found in Mali’s Sahel desert. The small, nomadic herd of Mali elephants migrates in a circular route through the desert in search of water.

Dog

                     

The history of Evaluation of Dogs        

  

                We pet them, play with them and even call them our best friend but do we really know anything about the history of dogs. Where did they come from and how did they get to where they are now?

There are those who believe that the history of dogs started with the wolf. Their claim is that dogs descended from wolves. Yet there are others who argue that dogs could never have descended from wolves. They ask, ‘How then could over 350 variety of dogs have descend from this one species?”

Wolves have remained the same anatomically over hundreds of years, and research has shown that the wolves DNA and that of the dog are almost identical. The skeleton of the wolf and the dog are similar as far as their components are concerned, but the difference can be seen in the length of a limbs and the shape of the skull.

This similarity in appearance is believed in some quarters to be as a result of cross breeding or possibly mutation. There are breeds around today that retain a strong relationship with the wolf in their appearance and other ways.

If we turn our attention to the behavior of both dogs and wolves we find that both animals turn in circles before they settle down, howl at the moon, and bury bones. Their gestation period is the same at sixty-three days, and their young are born and develop in similar ways.

The similarity between both animals is uncanny but the divergence of dogs makes it hard to totally accept their relationship with wolves.

Evidence has shown that dogs and man have existed together since prehistoric times. It is widely accepted that the domestication of dogs begun over 14000 years ago. As prehistoric man changed from gathering to hunting for food, it was at that time, it is believed, that man and dog began hunting together. About 8000-9000 years ago, the dog also became protector for the newly domesticated animals that man decided he needed for his purposes.

When man started to give greater importance to certain features and characteristics in dogs that’s when breeding started. Features like being heavy set meant that the dog could be a good guard dog, or long legs, which meant the dog, could pursue and catch prey. Because of this, many different types of dogs came about during the time of Egypt’s formation in 1570 B.C.

It was not long before dogs were being bred worldwide. In the history of dogs the Romans, the Europeans, the Greeks and even the peoples of the Far east were training dogs for various activities including, fighting, sport, to hunt and prize possessions.

The popularity of dogs grew during the 15th and 16th century and they became good pets and good workers. Soon it was seen as fashionable to have a dog and because of this dog breeding took off, and by the turn of the 19th century there were a lot of new breeds. In recent times it is estimated that there are over 350 different breeds of dogs.

Polar Bears

Intresting Facts of Polar Bear

1)Polar bear cubs learn to freeze and ramain still while thier mother hunts . If they move , the mother disciples them ,with a whack to the head.

2)Adult females often weigh between 500 and 600 pounds (227and 272 kilograms)    

3) Audult males can grow to be 1o feet tall and weigh over 1400 pounds 

Image of Horses

Ten Facts About Horsees-
1
Dogs and cats drink by lapping water with their tongues while cattle and horses and horses make use of a sucking action .

2
A baby female is called a filly , a baby is called a colt , a baby boy or girl is also known as a foal .

3
when first born , foals can not eat grass because their legs are too long to reach the ground .

4

• Horses usually live for around 20 to 25 years. Some of them can live up to 5 years more.

5
A horse has two blind spots; one is located directly in front of them while the other is located directly behind.

Black Horses 

• 6
• "Old Billy," was the oldest recorded horse who lived to be 62 years.

7

• A horse is a member of the "equus" family. This word comes from ancient Greece and means quickness.

8
One of the few breeds of horses that live in North America are called Mustangs

9

• A horse is able to drink 10 gallons of water per day.

10

• Horses use their facial expressions to communicate. Their moods can be gauged with the help of their nostrils, eyes and ears.

 

Jungle safari in Nepal

Map of National Parks  of Nepal 

                     Nepal is contry of exceptional biodiversity and a beautifull nature environment . The tropical jungles of the Terai preserve some of the best wildlife habitat in the subcontinent .Nepal has 16 national parks ,wildlife reserves and conservation areas, occuping 16 percent of its total geographical area.
For those who wish to experience the natural envoronment at its best there is no better place to visit than
Nepal .The outdoor adventure sports into the wilderness to see wild animals , birds and natural beauty.You ride on an elephant's back or on a four wheeler jeep accompanied by a fully trained guide (also known as expert Naturalists ) for the love of nature and animals .In Nepal .chitwan and Bardia are two hot dishes of the menu .

African safari

                           If you have never been on an African  safari before , your may be at a loss as to where to go . If you have been on   one , you might want to plan on going somewhere different . not because tou didn't enjoy where you went , but because there are so many beautiful things to see in Africa .
          From snow covered mountains and beautiful waterfalls ,to  sandy deserts and aquatic reefs , Africa has got it all .Not to mention all the wildlife .Gorilla trellers , bird watchers and fly -fishermen will all be equally delighted .If you love beautifull landscapes and communities rich in culture, you 'll find that too.

            East  and central Africa 

                              The eastera Africa and central African regions are loaded with many game parks which include a large variety and population of animals , from the wildebeest of Kenya (middle of the year ) and Tanzania ( early in the year ) to the gorillas of Uganda .

                            East Africa's landscape includes the spectacular and  majestic Mount Kilimanjaro and the famouse volcanic Ngorongoro Crater ,the largest of its type in the world ,which is home to thousands of animals such as Zebra , wildebeest , black rhino , prides of lion including the black -maned males ,leopard , cheetah, hyena ,elephatnts,warthog ,impala ,buffalo , hartebeest ,eland anf other members of the antelope family .

Brown Bear

                              Brown Bear are found in many parts of North America and Eurasia , where the bear inhabit wooded and mountainous areas. The brown bear is also national animal for a number of states in North America and Asia .Brown bears tend to feed on vegetation ,fish and small land mannals.but the bear will only occasionally hunt bigger mammals like deer .Brown bears dont seem  to be a great threat towards humans, although the mother brown bears will protect thir young bear cubs .Brown bears generally grow to about 2-3 m tall, loking enormous when the bear stans on its hind legs. Brown  bears have sadly been tha target of taxidermists over the years resulting in the brown bear population declining .

Photo collection of Brown Bear